The eldest son of Edward Rye, a London solicitor with background in Norfolk, he was born at Golden Square on 10 April 1832.
[1] He was educated at King's College School,[2] then, rather than going into his father's business, to which he had been articled, he studied surgery and anatomy,[3] and then concentrated on natural history, especially entomology.
[3] In 1874, he became librarian of the Royal Geographical Society, and became less interested in beetles, selling his collection.
[2] He married a daughter of George Robert Waterhouse, Keeper of the Palaeontological Department of the British Museum; she survived him.
[3] Rye collected English coleoptera, to knowledge of which he added many species.
He was the author of British Beetles (1866), was co-editor of the Entomologists' Monthly Magazine, and for several years was editor of the Zoological Record.