[1] Abandoning the practice of medicine, he became curator of the Cincinnati Society of Natural History in 1877,[1] and later was paleontologist to geological surveys of Illinois, Minnesota, and Ohio, also associate editor for ten years of the American Geologist.
Ulrich was a prolific writer, publishing numerous pamphlets on the subject of American paleontology, treating particularly the fossil Bryozoa, Gastropoda, Ostracoda, and Pelecypoda.
[1] In 1926, with Ray S. Bassler, he described the conodont genus Ancyrodella,[3] An extinct species of graptolite, Climacograptus ulrichi, was named for him in 1908.
[4] Bactritimimus ulrichi, an extinct Carboniferous belemnite, was named in honor of Ulrich in 1959.
[5] In 2002, an extinct genus of monoplacophrans, Ulrichoconus, was named in his honor for his geological studies of the Ozark Plateaus.