[3] Edwardsville was surveyed in 1869 on land formerly belonging to Half Moon, an Indian chief of the Delawares.

[4] It was named for John H. Edwards, a general passenger agent for the Union Pacific Railroad, who later served as a justice of the peace and state senator from Ellis County, Kansas.

The 2020 United States census counted 4,717 people, 1,682 households, and 1,181 families in Edwardsville.

There were 1,786 housing units at an average density of 197.6 per square mile (76.3/km2).

23.4% of households consisted of individuals and 8.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.

[18][19] As of the census[20] of 2010, there were 4,340 people, 1,632 households, and 1,107 families residing in the city.

26.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.

26.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.

The city of Edwardsville maintains a full scope of emergency services.

The department has fire code inspectors, and provides advance life support through its two ambulances.

The community is served by Bonner Springs–Edwardsville USD 204 public school district.