Mark sense

Electrographic is a term used for punched-card and page-scanning technology that allowed cards or pages marked with a pencil to be processed or converted into punched cards.

The term has since come to be used generically for any technology allowing marks made using ordinary writing implements to be processed, encompassing both optical mark recognition and electrographic technology.

In the 1940s, 50s, and 60s, mark sense technology was widely used for applications like processing meter readings recordings on turnaround documents and recording long distance telephone calls.

In the early 1930s, science teacher Reynold B. Johnson developed an automatic test scoring machine.

Johnson went on to develop a range of electrographic mark-sense machinery.