The IBM 519 Document-Originating Machine, introduced in 1946, was the last in a series of unit record machines designed for automated preparation of punched cards.

[4] The IBM 514 Reproducing Punch was introduced in February 1949.

[9] As with other IBM punched card devices that operated as automatic punches, cards are fed "face down, 12-edge first.".

[10] (On devices that operated as automatic readers, cards were fed "face down, 9-edge first instead.)

[11][12] IBM closed its last punched card manufacturing plant in 1984,[13] nearly a century after Herman Hollerith's 1886 construction of the first card sorting machine.