Elena Alekseevna Karpukhina (Russian: Елена Алексеевна Карпухина; born 21 March 1951 in Moscow) is a retired rhythmic gymnast who competed for the Soviet Union.

Karpukhina was born in Butyrka prison, in Moscow where her mother Ludmila Bulatova was serving a sentence after being convicted in the late 1940s.

Karpukhina took up ballet at nine years of age and started rhythmic gymnastics training in 1962.

In 1982–1995, she took up physical therapy at the Institute of Rheumatology and boarding schools for orphans and children with disabilities.

The Communist Party submitted her name as a candidate for deputy of the State Duma of the Russian Federation in 2003.