Akhvlediani is famous for her depictions of Georgian towns, for her illustrations for the works of Ilia Chavchavadze and Vazha-Pshavela, and for designing plays in the Marjanishvili Theater in Tbilisi, Georgia.

In 1924, Akhvlediani began studying at Académie Colarossi in Paris, where her main field of work – urban landscapes – elaborated.

Like her avant-garde colleague Lado Gudiashvili, Akhvlediani faced persecution under Stalin but was widely celebrated by the 1970s.

Her landscapes of Old Tbilisi, in particular, were embraced during the late Soviet period's revival of interest in urban folk culture.

Akhvlediani appears as herself (alongside Lado Gudiashvili) in Temur Palavandishvili's 1973 film Mze Shemodgomisa (Autumn Sun), in which a stifled artist moves to Ortachala from his sterile postwar flat and finds inspiration in the city's historic architecture.