P. Eline Slagboom (born January 18, 1960, Dordrecht, the Netherlands) is a Dutch biologist specializing in the human familial longevity and ageing.

Slagboom attended Christelijk Lyceum in Delft, graduating in 1978, before continuing to Leiden University for her Bachelors (1979) and Masters (1985) degrees in biology, followed by a Ph.D. focusing on Genomic Instability and Aging (1993) from the same institution.

Slagboom has initiated a masterclass for Statistical Analysis of Genetic Data and Bioinformatics in Genomic Research and is involved in various teaching activities.

Focus of the research in the past 10 years is on genomic, epigenetic and biomarker studies of healthy/unhealthy ageing and familial longevity in humans.

Slagboom is one of two founders of the Research on Ageing at the Leiden University Medical Center, supported among other foundations by the Netherlands Genomic Initiative.