Elizaveta Yulyevna Zarubina (Russian: Елизавета Юлиевна Зарубина; 1 January 1900 – 14 May 1987; née Ester Yoelevna Rosentsveig (Эстер Иоэльевна Розенцвейг))[1] was a Soviet spy, podpolkovnik of the MGB.

Born in Rzhavyntsi, in the Khotinsky Uyezd of the Bessarabia Governorate of the Russian Empire (present-day Ukraine) to Jewish parents, Yoel and Ita Rosentsveig.

[3][2] Shortly thereafter (1929), she married Vasily Zarubin, and they traveled and spied together for many years, using the cover of a Czechoslovakian and USA business couple for work in Denmark, Germany, France and the United States.

In 1941, the Zarubins were sent to the US, where Vasily was to serve as the first secretary to the Embassy of the Soviet Union, while Zarubina was responsible for collecting information about the development of nuclear weapons in the US, as well as to recruit engineers working close to the Manhattan Project as their agents.

[4] In August 1942, Paul Massing notified the NKVD that his friend, Franz Neumann, had recently joined the Office of Strategic Services (OSS).

[7][2] Together with Gregory Kheifetz (the Soviet vice-consul in San Francisco from 1941 to 1944), she supposedly set up a social ring of young communist physicists around Robert Oppenheimer at Los Alamos to transmit nuclear weapon plans to Moscow,[7] and befriended him in order to achieve her goal.