During 1990-1992 he continued scientific activity towards a Doctorate degree at the Economy Institute under the USSR State Planning Committee.

Rustamov started his professional life at the Scientific Research Institute of Economy under USSR State Planning Committee as an economist immediately.

In 1978–80, he worked at Baku Fine Broadcloth Union of Azerbaijan SSR Ministry of Light Industry as a head of the department of Economy.

During the world economic crises in 2008-2009 monetary policy orientation of Central Bank of Azerbaijan has strictly expanded: refinancing rate was cut down from 15% up to 2%, reserve requirement ratio from 12% up to 0.5%.

[4] In exchange rate policy Rustamov voted for financial stability holding a pegged regime against the US dollar.