Elmer Konstantin Niklander (19 January 1890 – 12 November 1942) was a Finnish athlete who competed in throwing events, winning the gold medal in the 1920 discus throw and three other Olympic medals and 44 Finnish championships.

[8] Niklander won 44 titles at the Finnish Championships in Athletics in throwing events in 1909–1924, a national record in itself.

[11] He broke several Finnish national records: Personal bests per event:[10] Niklander was born in Rutajärvi village in Hausjärvi on 18 January 1890 to father Konstantin Niklander (1848–1903) and mother Henriika née Harjula (1858–1942).

[15] His younger brother Siivo (1883–1961) made two Finnish national records in shot put in 1907.

[9] Before the Finnish Civil War, Niklander joined the Hausjärvi White Guard and took part in the Mommila skirmish in November 1917.