Emanuella Ottiliana Carlbeck (24 August 1829 – 10 September 1901) was a Swedish pedagogue and is counted as a pioneer in the education of students with Intellectual disability.

In mid 19th-century Sweden, there were no institutions for these children, nor any places in the public eye whatsoever: they were simply hidden away by their families and never seen, "perceived as being completely incapable of being educated.

[2] In 1866, at age 37, she founded her first institution for children with intellectual disabilities in Gothenburg, including a school and a working home as well as an asylum.

From 1872 onwards Emanuella Carlbeck began to attend the so-called ‘abnormal school’ meetings which were periodically held within Scandinavia.

She continued to receive funding from the clergy in Västergötland, and they also helped her buy the Johannesberg estate near Mariestad in 1875, which she converted into a school.