Diplomatic relations between the two countries were established in 1836, 15 years after the Mexican War of Independence, but were severed in 1940 due to Mexico's support for the Second Spanish Republic in the Spanish Civil War.

Relations were re-established in 1977 when Spain returned to a democracy following the death of Francisco Franco.

[2] The chancery building of the embassy, as well as the Consular Section, is located at 46 Carrera de San Jerónimo in the Cortes Ward of the Centro District.

[4] The Ambassador of Mexico to the Spain is the highest ranking diplomatic representative of the United Mexican States to the Kingdom of Spain and subsequently holds the rank of "Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary."

The following is a list of Mexican ambassadors since the presidency of Felipe Calderón:[1] The embassy exercises a number of functions in its representation to the Government of the Spain, including political, administrative, economic, public diplomacy, and consular affairs, that are managed by officials from the Secretariat of Foreign Affairs.