Born to a noble family, she attended the Smolny Institute and lived with her older brother in Saint Petersburg and Caucasus.

When her brother became severely ill, they moved to Vilnius (Wilno, Vilna) where Vileišienė met her husband Antanas Vileišis and became active in Lithuanian cultural life.

After the war, she remained in Vilnius and continued active public life despite several arrests by the Polish government.

The education lasted 12 years and covered a wide range of subjects, from physics and geography to dance and polite behavior.

[2] Her brother Jonas Jasmantas (1849–1906) studied at the Saint Petersburg University and after graduation obtained a job at the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Empire.

Vileišienė actively helped to organize the school, obtain funding and supplies, provide aid to students in need.

[6] She toured various cities and towns in Lithuania collecting donations, establishing local chapters, organizing new shelters.

[1] Vileišienė and other activists, including Basanavičius and Gaidelionis, were briefly arrested by the Ober Ost officials in July 1916.

For example, she was arrested in 1919 for protesting against Polish plans to exhume the bodies of Lithuanian soldiers[2] and she was imprisoned for one month in November 1922 because the school dormitory did not have a proper sidewalk.