Emma Octavia Lundberg (October 8, 1881 – November 17, 1954) was a Swedish-American child welfare advocate.
Lundberg then completed both a bachelor's in 1907 and a master's degree in 1908 from the University of Wisconsin before going to work studying the living conditions of immigrant families in cities.
By 1913 Lundberg was a deputy at the Wisconsin Industrial Commission before she moved to Washington, D.C., to take over as the first Director of the Social Services Division of the United States Children's Bureau.
From that point on she acted as a consultant for social services and in 1945 she retired due to ill health.
During her time in positions of influence Lundberg had created the ground work for the children welfare provisions under the Social Security Act of 1937 and taken part as research secretary to the White House Conference on Child Health and Protection and assistant secretary of White House Conference on Children in a Democracy (1940).