She was a professor at the Louisiana State University School of Medicine and served as director of pathology at Charity Hospital in New Orleans for 30 years.

[3] In 1939, Moss was appointed acting director of Charity Hospital's Department of Pathology and joined the faculty of the LSU School of Medicine.

[3] She specialized in parasitology and fungal diseases, teaching in the Department of Pathology and Bacteriology at Louisiana State University.

[3] Moss authored scientific articles and book chapters on parasitology, tropical, and mycotic diseases.

Moss's exhibits on mycotic infections, parasitology, and tropical diseases earned her Gold Medals from the ASCP.

Her exhibit on "Fungous Diseases" earned her a Billings Gold Medal from the American Medical Association in 1954.

The pathology department of the LSU School of Medicine established the Emma Sadler Moss Lectureship in 1968.