The most effective pest control strategy for this moth is sanitation of facilities and sealing grain containers to prevent infestation, but some pesticides may also be used.

[4] Meyrick - Forewings fuscous, irrorated with whitish and sprinkled with dark fuscous; lines hardly paler, first posteriorly dark-edged, nearly straight, rather oblique, serrate-indented above middle and near dorsum, second strongly indented near costa, dark-edged, with darker dots on veins; two blackish transversely placed discal dots.

[5][6][7][8] First recorded as a pest species in Germany in 1879, the Mediterranean flour moth was found in several locations across Europe in subsequent years.

[1] The moth is a major pest species in flour mills, and it may also be found in bakeries and warehouses, especially in cereal products that have been left undisturbed for an extended period of time.

This species particularly enjoys inhabiting flour mills and bakeries due to the heat, which allows it to breed year round.

[4] Unlike other pest species of moths, E. kuehniella is almost always found in cereal grain products as opposed to other stored foods such as dried fruit.

[9] Mediterranean flour moths are infected by Wolbachia, a genus of bacteria that affects the reproduction of its host species.

These maternally-inherited bacteria cause cytoplasmic incompatibility in E. kuehniella, which means that sperm and eggs cannot join to form a viable embryo.

[9] Larvae will attack stores of flour or other cereal grains as a source of food, but the most damage is done when they interfere with machinery in the mills.

[3] The most effective pest control method for the Mediterranean flour moth is preventing it from infesting stored grains.

This involves basic sanitation practices such as thoroughly cleaning out bins and surrounding areas of the floors and walls to remove old grains and particles of dust.

Checking grain bins frequently (especially in warm months) for hot spots, mold, and insects can also reduce risk of infestation.

[4] Methyl bromide was commonly used as a pesticide in several countries, but was later banned for environmental reasons when it was classified as an ozone depleter.

[16] Trichogramma parasitoids are a potential biological control for the Mediterranean flour moth, because they can kill the host in the egg stage, before it reaches the destructive larval phase.

The success of Trichogramma in biological control programs is influenced by host diet and the resulting nutritional quality of the eggs.

Irradiation treatment can prevent adult emergence or introduce sex-linked lethal mutations that cause inherited sterility.