Erazm Majewski (2 June 1858 — 14 November 1922) was a Polish archaeologist, biologist, sociologist, philosopher, economist, ethnographer, and novelist.

He wrote a work entitled Neuroptera Polonica, which was the first systematic description of vein-winged insects, and Słownik nazwisk zoologicznych polskich, in which he systematised and enriched the natural science terminology.

Although he studied at the Faculty of Natural Sciences at the University of Warsaw, he was self-taught in archaeology and based his knowledge on books.

Majewski was a member of the Warsaw Scientific Society, the International Institute of Sociology and a foreign correspondent of the Anthropological Society; during the Second Republic he was president of the State Conservators of Prehistoric Monuments,[1] and in 1919 was appointed head of the Department of Prehistoric Archaeology at the University of Warsaw.

On 27 September 1908 Majewski created the first Prehistoric Museum from his collections in the building of the Society for the Encouragement of Fine Arts.