Ernst Vogenauer studied in Munich during his early childhood and was a bright student of Fritz Helmut Ehmcke (1878–1965).
In 1921, he left Munich for a job at the National Printing Office in Berlin where he worked until World War II.
It was also at that time in the 1920s that he illustrated an edition of the Bavarian novel Der Wittiber (The Widower) by the German writer Ludwig Thoma (1867–1921).
In spite of his respect for the Old Masters, he had an open mind about art and was attracted by futurism, cubism, and expressionism with regard to his official work for the National Printing Office of Berlin, and to avoid trouble, he often preferred to mark some of his private artistic works with the special signature "Saturn".
Ernst Rudolf Vogenauer was involved with German expressionism and participated in different international events such as the "First exhibition of modern art" in Bucharest.