Ernst Stueckelberg

[3][4] Despite making key advances in theoretical physics, including the exchange particle model of fundamental forces, causal S-matrix theory, and the renormalization group, his idiosyncratic style and publication in minor journals led to his work not being widely recognized until the mid-1990s.

Born into a semi-aristocratic family in Basel in 1905,[5] Stueckelberg's father was a lawyer, and his paternal grandfather was the distinguished Swiss artist also named Ernst Stückelberg.

A highly gifted school student, Stueckelberg initially began a physics degree at the University of Basel in 1923.

While still a student, Stueckelberg was invited by the distinguished quantum theorist Arnold Sommerfeld, to attend his lectures at the University of Munich.

[10] In 1938 Stueckelberg recognized that massive electrodynamics contains a hidden scalar, and formulated an affine version of what would become known as the Abelian Higgs mechanism.

[13] In 1943 he came up with a renormalization program to attack the problems of infinities in quantum electrodynamics (QED), but his paper was rejected by the Physical Review.