Estonian national road 1

Väo Maardu Jägala Liiapeksi Loobu Haljala Põdruse Sõmeru Pada Varja Kohtla-Järve Kohtla-Järve Kukruse Jõhvi Jõhvi Hiiemetsa Lääne-Viru County Tallinn-Narva maantee (Tallinn-Narva highway, alternatively Põhimaantee nr 1, unofficially abbreviated T11) is a 212-kilometre-long[1] west-east national main road in Estonia.

The highway starts in Tallinn and passes a number of major Estonian cities and towns, namely Rakvere, Kohtla-Järve, Jõhvi and Sillamäe.

The road has long been a historically vital link between West and East and has seen heightened attention throughout much of history.

The road was considered especially important by Soviet leadership, with constant large-scale construction and improvement undertaken.

Full-length motorway status is a long-term goal of the state, alongside similar plans for Tallinn-Tartu and Tallinn-Pärnu.

[6] The earliest written records of a Tallinn-Narva road are from the early 17th century, when a Dutch delegation described their journey from Tallinn to Russia.

[7] The independent Republic of Estonia was only able to repair select sections of the road, even though it was considered a first-class highway.

The situation improved with a new highways law in 1929, with statute labour withdrawn and the maintenance of roads financed publicly.

Just before the 1940 occupation a five-year plan to construct 20 and 70 kilometres of new highway in Harjumaa and Virumaa respectively was formalised, but was cancelled as war broke out.

Large-scale construction works began in late 1945 or early 1946, with the main labour force being German POWs.

The repatriation of German POWs saw the labour switched to Russian prisoners, whose work on the highway ended in the late 1950s.

[8] In February 1964 construction works on the country's first dual carriageway began between Tallinn and Maardu, often mistakenly thought to be the section built by German POWs.

The largest project was a 23,7 kilometre stretch of highway between Kuusalu and Valgejõe, with other sections also receiving work.

[12] The first six-lane section of motorway was constructed between Loo and Maardu in 2012, the same year saw an interchange built near Haljala.

[15] The motorway was extended to the aforementioned Haljala interchange in 2020, making 80 kilometres of the highway continuously dual carriageway.

Newly built interchanges take the road into a trench in the major port town of Sillamäe, although at-grade intersections with city streets also persist.

Tallinn-Leningrad highway, built by German POWs, in 1948
T1 near Jägala