Years later, the disputed Treaty of Wuchale led to the First Italo-Ethiopian War between 1894 and 1896, where the Ethiopians (supported by Russia and France) successfully fought off European expansion.

However, some territories belonged to Somalia for an ethnic reason, so the fact that Ethiopia had occupied and incorporated them caused tensions in the regional relations.

It was a brutal conflict: the Ethiopians used prohibited Dum-dum bullets and began mutilating captured soldiers (often with castration) since the first weeks of war, while the Italians used chemical warfare.

The territorial breakdown was aimed at reducing and controlling the hegemonic power of Amhara people, by using the autonomist tendencies of the other regions.

[11] As the Italian engineers had helped to build the first railway from Addis to Djibouti in the past, the Ethiopian government has contracted them again to expand the railroad network along with India and China.

[13] The relations between Ethiopia and Italy[14] in the field of political, security and economic cooperation have been good in recent years.