Little is known about the author, who was an obscure Black New Yorker who likely served as a popular preacher among the working class.
[2] "Ethiopia" is not a reference to the modern country so named, but to the entirety of African people, wherever they may be located.
[3] Young notes the content of Psalm 68:31: "Princes shall come out of Egypt; Ethiopia shall soon stretch out her hands unto God" (King James version).
"No major nineteenth-century Black thinkers refer to the Manifesto, so its influence, if any, remains to be determined.
[4] The Manifesto is included in several document collections, such as The ideological origins of Black nationalism, by Sterling Stuckey.