It has smooth, white or cream-coloured bark, lance-shaped to curved adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven and conical, bell-shaped or hemispherical fruit.Eucalyptus dwyeri is a tree that typically grows to a height of 10–15 m (33–49 ft) or a mallee to 6 m (20 ft), and forms a lignotuber.

It has smooth white to cream coloured or greyish brown bark that is shed in plates or flakes.

[2][3][4] Eucalyptus dwyeri was first described in 1925 by Joseph Maiden and William Blakely from a specimen collected at Gungal near Merriwa by John Boorman and the description was published in Journal and Proceedings of the Royal Society of New South Wales.

[5][6][7] The specific epithet (dwyeri) honours "James Wilfred Dwyer, Roman Catholic Bishop of Wagga, N.S.W., who, when Parish Priest of Temora, collected this species on several occasions, and who has been an acute observer of native plants for many years," although the priest's name was Joseph Wilfrid Dwyer.

[2][6] Dwyer's red gum grows in mallee shrubland in shallow soils on ridges west of the Great Dividing Range in New South Wales and southern Queensland.