He was born in Rouen and after studying at the Paris Conservatory, made his stage debut in 1862 as Count di Luna in Verdi's Le trouvère.
In 1848, at the age of 14, he entered the French civil service and worked in the Prefecture of Seine-Inférieure until 1861 when he decided to pursue a career as a singer.
[3]After studying singing with Paul Laget and declamation with Nicolas Levasseur, Caron graduated from the Conservatory in 1862, winning the First Prize in opera.
He was engaged by the Paris Opera that same year and made his official debut on 26 September 1862 as Count di Luna in a revival of Verdi's Le trouvère.
[5] Caron also sang in the world premieres of oratorios by Théodore Dubois (Les sept paroles du Christ, Saint Clotilde Basilica, 1867) and Jules Massenet (La Vierge, Palais Garnier, 1880) and performed as a soloist in concerts of the Société des Concerts du Conservatoire, of which he was member from 1865 until 1873.