Eugene Robert Black I (January 7, 1873 – December 19, 1934) was an American attorney and businessman who served as the 6th chairman of the Federal Reserve from 1933 to 1934.

Before and after his term as chairman, Black also served as the governor of the Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta from 1928 to 1933 and again from August 1934 until his death in December of the same year.

[1] His eldest son, Eugene R. Black Sr., became the third president of the World Bank Group, serving from 1949 to 1962.

When the Wall Street Crash of 1929 happened, he and two cashiers rushed to Nashville, Tennessee, to supply currency and credit to banks in the city and surrounding region.

His insistence on expansionist policies led to the President appointing Black to the Federal Reserve Board in 1933.