[1] She is listed as the author or co-author on over 120 scientific papers and wrote the book Atmospheric Modeling, Data Assimilation and Predictability, which was published by Cambridge University Press in 2003.

Kalnay was born in Argentina and received her undergraduate degree in meteorology from the University of Buenos Aires in 1965.

[4] From 1987 to 1997, Kalnay was the Director of the Environmental Modeling Center (EMC) of the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP), National Weather Service (NWS) and oversaw the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis project and numerous other projects in data assimilation and ensemble forecasting.

In 2017, Kalnay was part of an international team of distinguished scientists who published a study on climate change models in the National Science Review journal.

Kalnay observed that without including real feedback, predictions for coupled systems could not work, and the model can get away from reality very quickly.