Eva Karlsson (born 21 September 1961) is a Swedish sprint canoer who competed in the 1980s.

She won a silver medal in the K-4 500 m event at the 1984 Summer Olympics, together with teammates Susanne Wiberg-Gunnarsson, Anna Olsson and Agneta Andersson.

Karlsson's husband Thomas Ohlsson won a silver medal in the K-4 1000 m event at those same games.

She also won a bronze medal in the K-4 500 m event at the 1981 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships in Nottingham.

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