The correlation was the result of earlier researchers studying sample groups that contained homosexual men with a history of treatment for mental illness.

Hooker's work was of critical importance in refuting cultural heterosexism because it found that homosexuality was not developmentally inferior to heterosexuality.

Her work led the way to the eventual removal of homosexuality from the American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders.

[1] Hooker was born Evelyn Gentry in North Platte, Nebraska, in her grandmother's house and grew up with eight brothers and sisters in the Colorado Plains.

Still an advocate of education, Jessie Bethel enrolled her daughter at Sterling High School, which was large and unusually progressive for the time.

After receiving her master's degree, she became one of 11 women involved in the PhD program in psychology at Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, having been refused referral from the chairman of Yale for being a female.

The events that Hooker would see in Europe ultimately sparked her desire to help overcome social injustice.

[7] As a result, she applied for work in the psychology department at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA).

[5] The chair of the psychology department at UCLA at the time was Knight Dunlap, Hooker's mentor from Johns Hopkins.

She stayed at UCLA for 31 years, where she conducted research and taught experimental and physiological psychology until 1970 when she went into private practice.

[5] Sam's closest friends included Christopher Isherwood and Stephen Spender, a writer and a poet.

[3] Hooker was intrigued by the question and further persuaded by her experience with social rejection as a child, witnessing the effects of racial and political persecution in her travels, and discrimination in her professional life.

In 1948 she moved to a guest cottage at the Salter [more likely Saltair] Avenue home of Edward Hooker, professor of English at UCLA and poetry scholar.

[5] The University of Chicago opened the Evelyn Hooker Center for Gay and Lesbian Studies in her honor.

[9] After all, the 1950s was at the height of the McCarthy era, and homosexuality was considered to be a mental disorder by psychologists, a sin by the church, and a crime by the law.

For the interest of the study, it was required that none of the men from either group have previously been seen for psychological help, in disciplinary barracks in the armed services, in prison, showed evidence of considerable disturbance, or who were in therapy.

[10] After a year of work, Hooker presented a team of three expert evaluators with 60 unmarked psychological profiles.

[7] Each test response would be submitted in random order, with no identifying information, to Klopfer, Meyer, and Shneidman.

[10] The judges had two tasks: to arrive at an overall adjustment rating on a five-point scale, and to distinguish in pairs which participant was homosexual and heterosexual.

[2] In 1956, Hooker presented the results of her research in a paper at the American Psychological Association's convention in Chicago.

[11][12] In 2010, actor/playwright Jade Esteban Estrada portrayed Hooker in the solo musical ICONS: The Lesbian and Gay History of the World, Vol.