Exceptional forest ecosystems of Quebec

The exceptional forest ecosystems of Quebec (French: Écosystèmes forestiers exceptionnel du Québec; EFE) are stands of trees of outstanding interest for biodiversity that are intended to be preserved for future generations.

[2] As of 2001 more than 600 EFE sites had been identified south of the 52nd parallel, covering almost 350 square kilometres (140 sq mi).

The dominant trees in the canopy have reached a very advanced stage of maturity, which is unusual in southern Quebec.

Candidates for refuge forest status are assessed through a detailed review of information held by the Quebec Ministry of the Environment on the location of species, importance of populations, nature of their habitats and their provincial priority rank on the ministry's official list of species.

[4] The steps for classifying a forest ecosystem as exceptional include presentation of a proposal, scientific validation, temporary protection, consultation within the ministry, with municipalities, aboriginal communities and rights holders, followed by the ministerial decision.

[6] Some activities may be authorized in such forests, including research, education, recreation and tourism, and work related to mining rights.