[1] Typical of a modern HEIAP shell is the Raufoss Mk 211[2] designed for weapons such as heavy machine guns and anti-materiel rifles.
The initial collision ignites the incendiary material in the tip, triggering the detonation of the HE charge.
This has a large amount of kinetic energy and will penetrate the armor as a solid-cored armor-piercing shot would.
This takes the incendiary material and about 20 steel fragments (created by the explosives), delivering them in a 25–30 degree cone through the armor, increasing lethality.
If the target offers little resistance then the lack of frictional heating will prevent the incendiary from igniting and the high explosive from detonating.