The de novo generated circles had exact multiples of tandem copies of 2-kb fragments from cosmid templates.
[4] The Sgs1 gene mutations in yeast mother cells were shown to have accelerated aging, suggesting their function to cellular senescence.
[8][11][12][13] Borghouts et al., resolved the two mechanisms, retrograde response and the increase in cellular content of ERCs, that affected longevity in yeast.
[17] Poole et al. provided a model that resolves the role of retrograde response in lifespan.
They depict a process in which ERC production occurs and shortens lifespan in the TAR1 gene.