The term mereological fallacy refers to approximately the same incorrect inference that properties of a whole are also properties of its parts.
In the philosophy of the ancient Greek Anaxagoras, as claimed by the Roman atomist Lucretius,[6] it was assumed that the atoms constituting a substance must themselves have the salient observed properties of that substance: so atoms of water would be wet, atoms of iron would be hard, atoms of wool would be soft, etc.
This doctrine is called homoeomeria, and it depends on the fallacy of division.
In statistics an ecological fallacy is a logical fallacy in the interpretation of statistical data where inferences about the nature of individuals are deduced from inference for the group to which those individuals belong.
The four common statistical ecological fallacies are: confusion between ecological correlations and individual correlations, confusion between group average and total average, Simpson's paradox, and other statistical methods.