Family of Vladimir the Great
Vladimir's father was Sviatoslav I (died 972; son of Igor and Olga[1]), while his brothers were Oleg of the Drevlyans and Yaropolk I.
[3] An otherwise unknown woman named "Malfrid, Malmfrid or Malfrida", who reportedly died in 1000, was identified with Malusha by Stender-Petersen.
[6] Norse sagas mention that, while ruling in Novgorod in his early days, Vladimir had a Varangian wife named Olava or Allogia.
According to Snorri Sturluson the runaway Olaf Tryggvason was sheltered by Allogia in her house; she also paid a large fine for him.
On the other hand, there is no evidence that the tradition of sending the eldest son of Kievan monarch to Novgorod existed at such an early date.
[citation needed] Those scholars who believe that this early Norse wife was not fictitious, suppose that Vladimir could have married her during his famous exile in Scandinavia in the late 970s.
[9] Most modern scholars agree that this later story was invented for political purposes, deriving from a later Novgorodian tradition that tried to assert the superiority of Yaroslav's descendants over Rogvolod's.
[9][5] The Primary Chronicle reports that Rogned' and Vladimir had six children: four sons named "Izyaslav, Mstislav, Yaroslav, and Vsevolod", and two unnamed daughters.
[12] Martin (2007) concluded that Rogned's son Mstislav had probably died before 988, as he is not mentioned in the list of land distributions.
[17] The PVL reports that, after Vladimir's troops had killed his brother Yaropolk I at the end of the Feud of the Sviatoslavichi, he took (raped?
[19] Hollingsworth (1992) noted: "While the Tale [Skazanie of Boris and Gleb] clearly indicates that Jaropolk was Svjatopolk's biological father, the account in the PVL's 977 entry (PSRL 1:78; 2:63) is more ambiguous.
In either case, it is doubtful that the Kievans made a distinction between "lawful" and "unlawful" wives or between "legitimate" and "illegitimate" offspring.
[citation needed] Anna (March 13, 963 - 1011/12) was the daughter of Byzantine Emperor Romanos II (r. 959–963)) and the Empress Theophano.
Anna was a Porphyrogenita, a legitimate daughter born in the special purple chamber of the Byzantine Emperor's Palace.
The emigré historian Nicholas Baumgarten, however, pointed out that in the controversial records called the Genealogia Welforum and the Historia Welforum Weingartensis one daughter of Count Kuno von Oenningen (future Duke Konrad of Swabia) by "filia Ottonis Magni imperatoris" (Otto the Great's daughter; possibly Rechlinda Otona [Regelindis], claimed by some as a legitimate daughter born from his first marriage with Edith of Wessex and by others as an illegitimate child) married "rex Rugorum" (king of Russia).
Another daughter, Premyslava, is attested in numerous (though rather late) Hungarian sources as the wife of Duke Ladislaus, one of the early Arpadians.
