Maria Dobroniega (after 1012[1][2] – 13 December 1087) was a princess of Kievan Rus', by marriage to Casimir I the Restorer she was titled Duchess of Poland.

Grand Prince Vladimir I had married seven times and had fathered many children, legitimate and illegitimate.

Chronicle Thietmar of Merseburg, writing from contemporary accounts, mentions that Bolesław I of Poland captured Vladimir I's widow during his raid on Kiev in 1018.

The emigre historian Nicholas Baumgarten, however, pointed to the controversial record of the Genealogia Welforum and the Historia Welforum Weingartensis that one daughter of Count Kuno von Oenningen (future Duke Konrad I of Swabia) by "filia Ottonis Magni imperatoris" (Otto the Great's daughter; possibly Rechlinda Otona [Regelindis], claimed by some as illegitimate daughter and by others legitimate, born from his first marriage with Edith of England) married "rex Rugorum" (King of Rus).

With the support of Maria's brother, Yaroslav I the Wise, Casimir was able to make a successful claim.