Farnel—this word means basket in Portuguese—is a paper based voting protocol conceived by Ricardo Felipe Custódio in 2001.
His master student Augusto Jun Devegili was responsible for the name and for the first electronic version of the protocol.
The Farnel paper-based voting scheme is based on signatures and employs two ballot boxes.
In the same year, Fabiano Castro and Carlo Mazzi presented an implementation of the Farnel in their Undergraduate Thesis (https://web.archive.org/web/20070927194736/http://www.labsec.ufsc.br/tiki-index.php?page=Fabiano-Mazzi-TCC-abstract).
In 2002 Roberto Araujo presented an improved electronic version of the Farnel in his Master Thesis (https://web.archive.org/web/20070927194728/http://www.labsec.ufsc.br/tiki-index.php?page=Dissertacao-Roberto-Samarone-abstract); This new version was also published in the “II Workshop em Segurança de Sistemas Computacionais” (WSEG) – Brazil - jointly with Custodio and Devegilli.