[1] After a classical and commercial education he prepared himself for the École Polytechnique, but on the outbreak of the Franco-Prussian War left his studies to serve as a volunteer.
In 1873 he became editor of L'Avenir de la Sarthe and served five months in prison for opposing the dictatorship of MacMahon.
In 1879, he became chief of the bureau of the financial under-secretary, and later represented the government at the Brussels Exhibition of 1880.
In December, 1882, he was chosen to represent the Gros-Caillou quarter in the municipal council of Paris, and was reelected in 1884.
In October, 1885, he was elected deputy by the department of the Seine, and was reelected, for the Twelfth District, in 1889, in opposition to a Boulangist candidate.