It roughly corresponded to most of present-day Fergana Valley.

Its administrative center was the city of Skobelev (which is in modern-day Fergana).

The Oblast was disbanded after the Russian Revolution and on April 30, 1918 the region became a part of the Turkestan ASSR.

Turkified Sarts (a name used for Tajiks) constituted the majority of the population.

Significant minorities included Kyrgyz and Tajiks.