The Juniata River forms the western and southern borders with Milford Township.

The borough of Mifflintown, a separate municipality, lies along the river in the southwestern corner of the township.

Shade Mountain forms the northern border of the township, ending at the Lewistown Narrows, a water gap traversed by the Juniata River.

Routes 22 and 322, together forming a four-lane expressway, travels through the gap westward to Lewistown and crosses Fermanagh Township, passing to the east of Mifflintown and leading southeast to Thompsontown.

Pennsylvania Route 35 runs through the southern part of the township, coming from the west out of Mifflintown and leading east to McAlisterville.