Filippo Antonio Gualterio (24 March 1660 – 21 April 1728) was made a papal nuncio to France (1700–1706) and a cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church from 1706.

[1] He received doctorates at the University of Fermo in philosophy, theology, and utroque iure, both canon and civil law.

An avid collector, in 1715 he became an honorary member of the Académie des inscriptions et belles-lettres, and was a regular visitor to François Roger de Gaignières.

He amassed a library of 10,000 to 12,000 rare volumes, which was purchased by Cardinal Corsini, who incorporated it into his own, and who, having become Pope under the name of Clement XII (1730), made it accessible to the public.

During his nunciature he established ties with prominent members of the European nobility and, in particular, with the Duc of Saint-Simon, who often mentions him in the Memoirs.