William Fox, who had nickelodeon businesses, established a film exchange in Brooklyn.
Eugene Cline was a major figure in Chicago's fast developing film exchange business.
He found it impractical to buy movies: manufacturers were hard to reach, their products were difficult to evaluate and not affordable, if he had to change the program several times a week or even daily.
[7] The Imperial Film Exchange in New York City was established in 1908 and grew to be one of the largest in the United States.
[10] Metro's film exchange business in Chicago grew to supply hundreds of theaters.