Fils de France

[4] The king's next younger brother, also a fils de France, was known simply as Monsieur, and his wife as Madame.

[6][7][8][9] The illegitimate children of French kings, dauphins, and princes du sang were not entitled to any rights or styles per se, but often they were legitimised by their fathers.

[10] However, in practice that formal honorific was less often used than the more traditionally French styles of Monsieur, Madame or Mademoiselle.

[4][10] The styles of the royal family varied as follows: Under the Valois monarchs, the titles borne by the sons of kings became regularized.

Anjou and Burgundy established long-lived dynasties, while the Duke of Berry lived for a long time.

By the accession of Francis I, all of the cadet branches descended from Valois kings had either succeeded to the throne or become extinct.

This was another way of addressing Le Grand Dauphin, the only legitimate son of Louis XIV.

It was briefly used by the eldest niece of Louis XIV, Marie Louise d'Orléans (1662–1689), later known as just Mademoiselle.

Examples of this were: King Louis XV and his wife, Marie Leszczyńska, had ten children, eight of whom were girls.

When entering a town, they were greeted with a presentation of arms by the royal garrison, by the firing of cannon, and by a delegation of local officials.

However, only the sons and daughters of France were entitled to dine au grand couvert, that is, alone on a canopied dais amidst non-royal onlookers.

After 1662, Anne Marie Louise d'Orléans, Duchess of Montpensier, who was originally called Mademoiselle as the eldest daughter of Gaston duc d'Orléans, became known as la Grande Mademoiselle at court, in order to distinguish her from her younger cousin, Marie Louise d'Orléans, now also called Mademoiselle, as the daughter of Anne's first cousin, the new Monsieur.