To achieve the very high pointing accuracy Hubble needs, the FGSs have been constructed as interferometers to exploit the wavelike features of the in-coming starlight.
During on-orbit commissioning of the JWST, the FGS also provided pointing error signals during activities to achieve alignment and phasing of the segments of the deployable primary mirror.
[3] The JWST FGS, designed and built by COM DEV International, was supplied by the Canadian Space Agency.
To save on mass and volume it was assembled into a single unit together with the Near Infrared Imager and Slitless Spectrograph, but they are separate optical instruments.
Small angle maneuvers are then executed to translate this window to a pre-specified location within the field of view, so that an observation with one of the science instruments will be oriented correctly.