The 1st federal electoral district of Baja California (Distrito electoral federal 01 de Baja California) is one of the 300 electoral districts into which Mexico is divided for elections to the federal Chamber of Deputies and one of nine such districts in the state of Baja California.

[1] It elects one deputy to the lower house of Congress for each three-year legislative session by means of the first-past-the-post system.

Votes cast in the district also count towards the calculation of proportional representation ("plurinominal") deputies elected from the first region.

The district's head town (cabecera distrital), where results from individual polling stations are gathered together and tallied, is the state capital, the city of Mexicali.

[5][1][a] Under the 2005 redistricting process, it was made up of the municipality of Mexicali, with the exception of its extreme northwest (where the state's 3rd district was located) and its extreme northeast (which corresponded to the 2nd district).