Flip book

[2] The illustrations in Sigenot are consistently framed and have short intervals between different phases of action, but the images cannot produce the illusion of a fluent motion.

[3] The oldest known documentation of the flip book appeared on 18 March 1868, when it was patented by John Barnes Linnett under the name Kineograph ("moving picture").

The mutoscope remained a popular attraction through the mid-twentieth century, appearing as coin-operated machines in penny arcades and amusement parks.

By 1948, an "automated multiple camera" for the production of "Pocket Movie flip book" portraits was marketed in the United States.

Since 2007, Walt Disney Animation Studios has started its films with a production logo that initially evokes a flip book.