Located in the western part of the county along the Indiana line, it borders the following townships: The villages of Blakeslee and Edon are located in Florence Township: Blakeslee in the southeast, and Edon in the west.

The unincorporated community of Berlin is located in the township's northwest.

[4] Statewide, the only other Florence Township is located in Erie County.

The township is governed by a three-member board of trustees, who are elected in November of odd-numbered years to a four-year term beginning on the following January 1.

There is also an elected township fiscal officer,[5] who serves a four-year term beginning on April 1 of the year after the election, which is held in November of the year before the presidential election.