François Leterrier studied at the University of Paris where he took a degree in philosophy.
During his student years he frequently attended the university's film club.
After this, Leterrier was able to work as an assistant director for Louis Malle, Etienne Périer, and Yves Allégret.
His debut film as director was Les Mauvais Coups from 1961, based on a novel by Roger Vailland.
He also adapted works by Jean Giono, Paul Morand, and Raymond Queneau.