Francis Gruber

Francis Gruber (15 March 1912 – 1 December 1948)[1] was a French painter, founder of the Nouveau Réalisme school, and a member of the Forces nouvelles group.

He was born in Nancy, France,[1] the son of stained glass artist Jacques Gruber.

He was influenced by Hieronymus Bosch and Albrecht Dürer and the Lorraine engraver Jacques Callot.

[2] In the late 1930s, Gruber became friends with the Swiss artist Alberto Giacometti, of whom he was a neighbor.

He is credited with beginning the "Misérabiliste" movement in French painting, seen later in the work of Bernard Buffet.