Francisco Fuentes Maturana (April 19, 1879 – February 5, 1934) was a Chilean botanist and head of the Phanerogamic Botany Section at the National Museum of Natural History between 1912 and 1934.

In 1911, he was commissioned by Chilean President Ramón Barros Luco[4] to travel to Easter Island, accompanying the German meteorologist Walter Knoche, then director of the Central Meteorological Institute of Chile.

Fuentes began working at the National Museum of Natural History on March 1, 1912, taking charge of the Phanerogamic Botany Section, replacing Karl Reiche, who had emigrated to Mexico.

Francisco Fuentes's main contribution as head of the section was its systematic organization, along with the study and maintenance of the National Herbarium.

Fuentes traveled to Rapa Nui, the Juan Fernández Archipelago, the Atacama Desert, and the forests of the southern part of the country.