Frank Keith Simmons

Major General Frank Keith Simmons, CBE, MVO, MC (21 February 1888 – 22 September 1952)[1] was a senior British Army officer during the Second World War.

Born on 21 February 1888, Simmons was educated at Cranbrook School, Kent, and was, in 1907, commissioned as a second lieutenant into the Highland Light Infantry.

He served in the First World War, on the Western Front, where he awarded the Military Cross and made a Member of the Royal Victorian Order in November 1915.

Among his fellow students there included several future general officers, notably Thomas Hutton, Charles Fullbrook-Leggatt, John Evetts, Gerald Smallwood and Robert Money.

[11] As the situation worsened for the Allies, Simmons was one of a few commanders privy to Percival's last-ditch defence plans[12] and his "no surrender" policy of 11 February 1942.

Simmons (right) in Shanghai in January 1940 on the departure of British Consul General Sir Herbert Phillips (left).
Men of the 2nd Battalion, Gordon Highlanders demonstrate the Northover projector to Major General F. Keith Simmons, GOC Singapore Fortress, and other senior officers, 17 October 1941.